Flores Island

 Flores is the most fascinating and beautiful island. Long hidden in the shadows of its more famous neighbor Bali, the island of Flores is finally emerging as a unique destination of its own.  So, after visiting the lair of the Komodo dragons, take time to marvel at some of the wonders of Flores.  Here you can swim in pristine lakes and waterfalls, dive at one of the 50 spectacular dive sites, go kayaking among craggy coasts and mangrove shores, explore mysterious caves and be warmly welcomed by the island’s people in their rituals, dances and daily life.

Flores spells adventure, diving, eco-tours, and mountain climbing interspersed with visits to prehistoric heritage sites, traditional villages and cultural events.   

Until recently, many tourists have only been familiar with Labuan Bajo, the small port located on the western-most tip of the island, and  the taking off point for a visit to the last natural habitat of the prehistoric Komodo dragons, the islands of Komodo, Rinca and Padar.

Situated in the province of East Nusatenggara, Flores is a long island that contains some of the world’s best kept secrets. A chain of volcanoes stretches the length of this 450 km long and narrow island, creating complicated V-shaped valleys and knife-edged ridges - terrain that was near impenetrable until recently and has separated the island into many distinct ethnic groups.

Administratively the island is divided into 8 districts; West Manggarai, Manggarai, East Manggarai, Nagekeo, Ngada, Ende, Sika and East Flores. Further east are the adjacent islands of Alor and Lembata.

Here you will find some of the world’s most exotic underwater life.  Diving in the pristine seas of Komodo, divers find themselves swimming along with huge manta rays, dolphins and dugongs, while whales can be seen passing Flores’s east coast during their migration period.

The island itself is surrounded by sparkling white beaches, where one beach even has pink sand.   Mt. Kelimutu, near the town of Maumere, has three different coloured lakes that can change colour from time to time.

Besides Komodo dragons, Flores has been in the world’s limelight with the discovery of the Flores hobbit, or homo floresiensis, a new hitherto unknown prehistoric human species, whose remains were found in the caves of Liang Bua.

This island is indeed ancient, having been untouched for centuries, once inhabited by prehistoric men and still living prehistoric animals, as well as containing remnants of a petrified forest.  

At the easternmost tip of the island, Larantuka is famous for its Easter-week rituals that still continue the old Portuguese traditions brought here some 500 years ago. While at adjacent Lembata , islanders hunt whales manually, harpooning precariously from small boats. 

Ambon Island

 The tiny islands of Ambon, Banda, Ternate and Tidore - among the thousands of islands in the Moluccas seas,- changed the course of world history from the 15th century onwards. These islands were what triggered the European Age of Exploration.

For in search of the Spice Islands in the Far East, Christopher Columbus sailed west – and discovered America. Vasco da Gama sailed south and discovered the long route around Africa’s Cape of Good Hope in 1498 to finally reach India after a long and perilous voyage. Only later did the Portuguese finally discover the sea route to Banda and Ambon. These small islands in the eastern deep seas of the Indonesian archipelago were for centuries the sole producers of the fragrant nutmeg and mace in the world. At the time these spices fetched their weight in gold in Medieval Europe.

The tiny islands of Ternate and Tidore, further north of Ambon were producers of cloves. Indian and Arab traders would sell cloves in Europe for exorbitant prices, but kept the location of their source a tightly held secret. These are the Moluccas – or Maluku – the original Spice Islands, that are now divided into the two provinces of Maluku and North Maluku.

It is from these islands that the Dutch East India Company first gained their stranglehold on the spice trade in the archipelago, gradually colonizing the Indonesian islands over three centuries, until it came to be called the Dutch East Indies, the present-day Republic of Indonesia.

As the glory days spices passed, the significance of the Moluccas waned. But it is here where the history of European explorations and colonization began.
 
Fortunately the beauty of that era still remains. Today, the town of Ambon is the capital of Maluku, occupying a small flat area by the beautiful Ambon Bay that is backed by lush green mountains and facing deep crystal clear waters that are alive with colorful coral gardens and untold species of marine creatures.

Although small in size, Ambon island still offers plenty of experiences for adventurous travelers. From exploring the charming Kota Ambon – the main town of the island, to walking up mountains through lush tropical vegetation, there are many undiscovered gems ready for visitors to experience.

The town of Ambon – Kota Ambon – is known as ‘Ambon Manise’ meaning sweet or beautiful Ambon. The name refers to both the beauty of the people here and the beauty of the tropical island location.

As one of the earliest places in Indonesia to be occupied by colonial powers, Ambon has a rich and ancient history. Many of the Ambonese today have mixed European and Ambonese heritage.

Visit here and discover centuries-old fortresses and the literature of local kingdoms which traces the story of the people, from periods of prosperity to escalating and controlled trades, harsh colonialism, a grueling struggle, and finally, to independence.

The island also played an important role in World War II when Ambon was used as a headquarters for the Japanese military. Remnants from the war still remain, both in museums and the open air. Some war artifacts remain silently underwater. Today, these remnants are among the most valued historical sites in Ambon.

Ambon is multicultural and home to various ethnicities including the native Alifuru tribes, the migrating Javanese, Sumatrans, Minahasans, the Butons, the Arabs who came in the 9th century, the Europeans, and the Chinese who first came in the 7th century to share in the commerce of this prosperous spice island.  Between 1999-2002 the island was the scene of Christian-Muslim violence however since 2004 the island has maintained a period of ongoing peace.

Mount Bromo - Indonesian

 While it may be small when measured against other volcanoes in Indonesia, the magnificent Mt Bromo will not disappoint with its spectacular views and dramatic landscapes. At 2392 meters tall, Mt Bromo is not among the tallest of Indonesia’s mountains but its stunning beauty lies in its incredible setting.

From a vantage point on Mount Penanjakan (2,770 meters above sea level) visitors from around the world come to see the sunrise over Mt Bromo. From this spot the vista is magnificent. All you will hear is the click of cameras as visitors snap their camera’s hoping to capture the incredible scene of Mt Bromo in the foreground with Mt Semeru smoking in the distance and the sun shining brightly, quickly rising in the sky. 

The eerie landscape has spurned countless legends and myths. Mt Bromo has particular significance for the Tengger people who believe that this was the site where a brave prince sacrificed his life for his family. The people here appease the Gods once a year during the annual Kasada festival where offerings of vegetables, chickens and money are thrown into the crater of the volcano.

Baris Dance – An Army Dance :  Tari BarisBaris Dance comes from the word “bebaris“ meaning troops. The dance portrays the army soldiers and agility usually performed as a ritual dance. This dance performed by a group of men, usually numbering 8 to 40 dancers. Baris Dance has a lively movement and quite sturdy, straightforward, dynamic, and accompanied by Gong Kebyar and Gong Gede. Baris Dance is usually divided so 3 rounds. Namely the opening round, soft round, and the closing round. In the opening round is usually more aggressive movements, usual first imprest. Second round, the gong or the music will be softer, usually even more dignified movements. Closing round as same as the opening round. Baris dances are still in Bali, among others:

* Baris Katekok Jago: dancer carrying a spear gun polet (spear black stems and white), using black and white striped dress.
* Baris Tumbak: dancer carrying a spear gun and using awiran dress in layers.
* Baris Dadap: dancers carrying Dadap weapons (like a shield), the movement is more gentle than other types of Baris dance. Dancers dance while singing a song barreled slendro.
* Baris Presi: dancers carrying kris weapons, and a kind of shield, called Presi.
* Baris Pendet: dancers bring offerings (canang sari).
* Baris Bajra: dancers carrying Bajra mace weapons (such as Bhima’s mace).
* Baris Tamiang: dancers carrying kris weapons and shields called Tamiang.
* Baris Kupu Kupu: dance depicts the life of a butterfly, the dancers wearing butterfly wings, agile and dynamic movements mimic the movements of a butterfly.
* Baris Bedil: a dancer with long-barreled imitation rifle made of wood.
* Baris China: dancing under the influence of Chinese culture, unique fashion look of the layout (long pants with a long-sleeved shirt, sarong sash, hat, sunglasses and wearing a sword weapon).
* Baris Cendekan: a dancer with a short spear gun (cendek).
* Baris Panah: dancers carrying arrows.
* Baris Jangkang: a dancer with a long spear gun.
* Baris Gayung: dancers are a group of Pemangku (figure of hindhu religious clergy) with a scoop or cantil (a tool to bring holy water).
* Baris Demang: dancing figures illustrate Demat (one of the characters Pagambuhan) in the classical Gambuh dance drama with a gun, sword, spear, arrows, and others.
* Baris Cerekuak: dance movements represent a group of water birds (cerekuak) while searching for her lover, bird Manuk Dewata.
* Baris Mamedi: describes a group dance spirit (mamedi) who lives in haunted places like the cemetery, the dancers wore clothes made of leaves and twigs are taken from the grave.
* Baris Ketujeng: dance describes a group of spirits who live in haunted places as the introduction of dance soul of the departed to heaven.
* Baris Gowak: dance depicts the battle between the forces Badeng Tegal (Badung) with a group of ravens carrying death.
* Baris Omang: dancers use a spear gun, but move slowly like the way a snail (Omang), describes the battle between the forces Badeng Tegal (Badung) with troops of Guwak (crow).
* Baris Jojor: dancers carrying Jojor weapons (spear, long-stemmed).
* Baris Kuning: dancers dressed all in yellow, and armed with kris and Tamiang (shield).
* Baris Tengklong: dancers carriying sword weapons, the movement is dynamic, powerful and approaching martial art movements.
* Baris Kelemet: dancers portray the fishermen, with such oar weapons, describing the boat in the sea to catch fish.

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